American Sign Language: Family Sign Lexicon

Representing Parental Figures

ASL utilizes specific, established signs to denote familial relationships. These signs often incorporate location, handshape, movement, and orientation (palm direction) to convey meaning. The representation of immediate family members, particularly parents, involves distinct signifiers within the language.

The Sign for "Mother"

The typical ASL sign for "mother" is made by touching the thumb of a spread hand to the chin. The handshape is a "5" handshape (all fingers extended and spread apart). This sign often connects to nurturing and the traditionally female role within a family.

The Sign for "Father"

The standard sign for "father" is executed by touching the thumb of a spread hand to the forehead. Again, the handshape is the "5" handshape. This location relates to traditionally masculine attributes of authority or protection.

Pronouns and Referencing Individuals

ASL uses pointing gestures to indicate pronouns and refer to specific individuals present or previously mentioned. The index finger is typically used to point directly at the person being referenced. The direction and context of the point determine the pronoun being conveyed (e.g., "you," "he/she," "him/her"). Eye gaze is critical for clarity.

Possession and Relationships

The possessive form in ASL is typically indicated through the use of possessive pronouns. These pronouns also often employ pointing gestures. The context of the sentence clarifies whose family members are being discussed. Clarification is key to accurately conveying complex relationships.

Variations and Regional Differences

Like all languages, ASL has regional variations. While the signs for "mother" and "father" are generally consistent, slight variations in handshape, movement, or location may exist depending on the region or community. Awareness of these potential differences is important for effective communication.